However, bigger size (41.9 nm) and tensile lattice strains are obtained for the lower concentration of phosphorous (5 times). For example, smaller crystallite size (38.5 nm) and compressive lattice strain are obtained when 10 times of red phosphorous is used. In the presence of IL, crystallite size and lattice strain significantly change with changing the concentration of red phosphorus. Effect of ILs and precursor concentration on crystal phase, crystallite size, lattice strain, morphology and grain size of Cu3P NCs is studied. Herein, ionic liquids (ILs) are used as a structure directing/templating agent. Highly crystalline, phase pure Cu3P nanocrystals (NCs) have been successfully synthesized using ionic liquid-assisted solvothermal method at relatively low temperature (200 ☌). The significance of these findings lies in using these nanoparticles for bioimaging applications and biomarker studies, especially for prolonged exposure times. The high concentration-dependent toxicity occurs through a mechanism distinct from changes in the metabolic or AChE activity. Not all biomarkers are sensitive to these nanoparticles. Based on these results, we can conclude that the biocompatibility of rare-earth doped nanoparticles is concentration dependent. Interestingly, the function of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the cellular metabolic activity of whole zebrafish larvae remained unchanged, even during continuous exposure to these nanoparticles at 150 mg L −1 for four days however, severe developmental toxicities were evident at this high concentration. We have also found that the doping of rare-earth ions has no major effect on these biomarkers. At a concentration of 10 mg L −1, at which Zn 2+, Ti 4+ and Ag + nanoparticles are reported to be lethal to developing zebrafish, continuous exposure to our nanoparticles for four days produced no developmental anomalies, craniofacial defects, cardiac toxicity or behavioural abnormalities in the developing zebrafish larvae.
We found that zebrafish can tolerate a wide concentration range of these nanoparticles, as the maximal lethality was observed at very high concentrations (more than 200 mg L −1) upon five days of continuous exposure. Here, we have evaluated the nano-bio interactions of green-synthesized, phase-pure BaF 2 nano-particles doped with rare-earth (RE 3+ = Ce 3+ /Tb 3+) ions using larval zebrafish. Rare-earth doped nanoparticles with unique spectral properties are superior in vivo optical probes in comparison with quantum dots and organic dyes, however, studies describing their nano-bio interactions are still limited. Nanoparticles with biomedical applications should be evaluated for their biocompatibility. Last but not the least here we will showcase how ILscan be useful as templating agent, solvent, and reaction partner and sometimeĪs ‘three in one’ in nanomaterials synthesis. are illustrated aiming different materials like fluorides, phosphates, oxides, Protocols like ILs assisted solvothermal, microwave, sonication, microemuslionĮtc. Though ILs areĮxtensively used in different areas like organic catalysis, electrochemicalĪpplications, f-element separations etc., but their use in nanomaterials synthesis Pressure, low flammability, tunable cation/anion combination etc. Role in nanoparticle synthesis owing to their interesting properties like low vapour Which are normally called as ‘green’ and ‘designer’ solvents can play a crucial Thereby it is timely and strategic to replace those by some environmentallyīenign and ‘green’ synthesis techniques. Inherent toxicity which causes several environmental and health issues and However, various organic solvents, amines etc. Tunes many properties like structural, physical and optical properties of the Particle size, shape and crystal phase of the nanomaterials which eventually Solvents, long chain amines and surfactants are extensively used to control the Prerequisite of today’s nanoscience and nanotechnology. Please note that this is an ordinary passenger which has to give way for the express or other super fast trains,so it is given the least priority and left in the loop lines for crossings many a times.Designing and synthesis of efficient nanoparticles is a very important.These timings are as per the given railway schedule.is a major cause for the PASSENGER TRAIN to run late. The problem of crossings at various stations like nagireddipalli,pagidipalli,bibinagar etc.
Most of the days these trains depart with a 5-10min variation from their departure stations(both from Kachiguda and MLG depending on the train traffic,as they depart late they usually reach late.NOTE:This train doesn't move from Kachiguda to MLG on THURSDAY evening so there will be no train on FRIDAY morning from MLG to Kachiguda Miryalaguda- 5.40am to Kachiguda-9.20am(approx.) Reaches Miryalguda by 5.30am from Nadikudi Junction
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